There are two menisci (yes, this is the plural) visible in the pictures.
- A concave meniscus occurs when the liquid is attracted to a surface of another object (adhesive forces). In the picture, it looks like the water claims the wooden toothpick.
- A convex meniscus occurs when the forces between liquid particles are stronger than between the particles and the surface (cohesive forces). Here demonstrated at the surface of an avocado seed.